Enchant creature
At the beginning of your upkeep, put a +1/+1 counter on enchanted creature.
When enchanted creature attacks or blocks, sacrifice Primal Cocoon.
Primal Cocoon’s first triggered ability triggers at the beginning of the upkeep of Primal Cocoon’s controller (who is not necessarily the enchanted creature’s controller).
The counters are put on the creature, not on Primal Cocoon. They’ll stay on the creature even after Primal Cocoon is sacrificed or otherwise stops enchanting that creature.